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National-Christian Defense League : ウィキペディア英語版 | National-Christian Defense League
The National-Christian Defense League ((ルーマニア語、モルドバ語():Liga Apărării Național Creștine), LANC) was a virulently anti-Semitic political party of Romania formed by A. C. Cuza.〔''Background and Precursors to the Holocaust'', p. 14〕 ==Origins== The group had its roots in the National Christian Union, formed in 1922 by Cuza and the famed physiologist Nicolae Paulescu. This group morphed in to the LANC in 1923.〔''Background and Precursors to the Holocaust'', p. 21〕 The swastika became the symbol of Cuza's movement and appeared in its publications, booklets and electoral programs. Cuza claimed that the symbol was purely Romanian in character and denied that LANC had copied the Nazi party's symbol.〔 〕 The LANC became associated with extreme anti-Semitism, calling for a gradual withdrawal of rights for Jews which would include the withdrawal of political rights for all Jews, the withdrawal of citizenship for most and a gradual policy of reapportionment of Jewish land and businesses.〔''Background and Precursors to the Holocaust'', p. 22〕 In order to accomplish this they hoped to begin by excluding Jews from the professions and the upper echelons of the armed forces.〔F.L. Carsten, ''The Rise of Fascism'', Methuen & Co, 1974, pp. 183-184〕 By 1927, the party banner became the flag of Romania with a swastika in the centre.〔''Background and Precursors to the Holocaust'', p. 23〕 Much of LANC's ideas were framed within theological arguments which were created by Nichifor Crainic, who served as Secretary General of the group.〔''Background and Precursors to the Holocaust'', p. 25〕
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